Voltage: Germany uses 230V, 50Hz AC current. All outlets deliver 220-240V.
Plug Types: German standard plug is Type F (Schuko) – two round 4.8mm pins in hexagonal pattern. Type E (also common) has two round pins and female ground receptacle.
Adapter Requirements: Visitors from UK, US, Australia, and most other countries require adapters. Universal adapters available at airport shops, electronics stores, and hotels (€3-8).
USB Charging: Many hotels provide USB charging ports in rooms and common areas. Some cafés and restaurants have USB charging for customers. Power banks recommended for long sightseeing days.
Converter Concerns: Modern electronics (phones, laptops) have universal voltage support – check 'INPUT 100-240V' label. Older electric appliances (hair dryers) may need step-down converters. Hotels typically provide converters; ask reception.
Power Safety: German outlets have safety shutters – plugs must be properly seated. Faulty wiring extremely rare. Surge protectors recommended for valuable electronics.